What is a biological classification of human groups based on heredity and genetic differences?

The concept of biological classification of human groups based on heredity and genetic differences is accurately described by the term "race." In historical and anthropological contexts, race refers to divisions within the human species that are characterized by distinct physical traits, such as skin color, facial features, and hair types, which are influenced by genetic inheritance.

This classification system has often been used to categorize people into different groups based on perceived biological differences. However, it's important to acknowledge that contemporary understanding recognizes that race is a complex social construct rather than a strictly biological fact. Genetics shows that there is more variation within so-called racial groups than between them, challenging the validity of these classifications in a biological sense.

In contrast, ethnicity typically refers to shared cultural traits, such as language, religion, and customs, while culture encompasses the broader social behaviors, beliefs, and practices of a group. Society refers to a structured community of people who share a common culture and interact with one another. While these terms are related to human groups, they do not specifically denote a biological classification based on heredity and genetic differences as race does.